Sourate At-Tawba · سُوْرَةُ التَّوْبَةِ · Juz 10
Q 9:4
إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ عَـٰهَدتُّم مِّنَ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَنقُصُوكُمْ شَيْـًٔا وَلَمْ يُظَـٰهِرُوا۟ عَلَيْكُمْ أَحَدًا فَأَتِمُّوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِمْ عَهْدَهُمْ إِلَىٰ مُدَّتِهِمْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ
Traductions
A l'exception des associateurs avec lesquels vous avez conclu un pacte, puis ils ne vous ont manqué en rien, et n'ont soutenu personne [à lutter] contre vous: respectez pleinement le pacte conclu avec eux jusqu'au terme convenu. Allah aime les pieux.Excepted are those with whom you made a treaty among the polytheists and then they have not been deficient toward you in anything or supported anyone against you; so complete for them their treaty until their term [has ended]. Indeed, Allah loves the righteous [who fear Him].Tafsir
Ce désaveu ne concerne pas les polythéistes avec qui vous avez conclu un pacte et qui l’observent loyalement et scrupuleusement. Honorez le pacte qui vous lie à eux jusqu’à son terme car Allah aime ceux qui Le craignent, se conforment à Ses commandements, comme d’être loyal, et délaissent Ses interdits, comme de ne pas trahir.
Lire Ibn Kathir (Ibn Kathir (abrégé, en anglais))
Except those of the Mushrikin with whom you have a treaty, and who have not subsequently failed you in aught, nor have supported anyone against you. So fulfill their treaty for them until the end of their term. Surely, Allah loves those who have Taqwa (4)
Existing Peace Treaties remained valid until the End of Their Term
This is an exception regulating the longest extent of time for those who have a general treaty - with out time mentioned - to four months.
They would have four months to travel the lands in search of sanctuary for themselves wherever they wish. Those whose treaty mentioned a specifec limited term, then the longest it would extend was to the point of its agreed upon termination date. Hadiths in this regard preceeded. So anyone who had a treaty with Allah's Messenger ﷺ, it lasted until its specific termination date. However, those in this category were required to refrain from breaking the terms of the agreement with Muslims and from helping non-Muslims against Muslims. This is the type whose peace agreement with Muslims was carried out to its end. Allah encouraged honoring such peace treaties, saying,
إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُتَّقِينَ
(Surely, Allah loves those who have Taqwa)[9:4], who keep their promises.
Texte arabe : Tanzil (uthmani). Traductions : Muhammad Hamidullah (fr), Sahih International (en). tanzil.net