Sourate Al-Ankaboot · سُوْرَةُ الْعَنْكَبُوْتِ · Juz 20

Q 29:41

مَثَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُوا۟ مِن دُونِ ٱللَّهِ أَوْلِيَآءَ كَمَثَلِ ٱلْعَنكَبُوتِ ٱتَّخَذَتْ بَيْتًا ۖ وَإِنَّ أَوْهَنَ ٱلْبُيُوتِ لَبَيْتُ ٱلْعَنكَبُوتِ ۖ لَوْ كَانُوا۟ يَعْلَمُونَ

Traductions

Ceux qui ont pris des protecteurs en dehors d'Allah ressemblent à l'araignée qui s'est donnée maison. Or la maison la plus fragile est celle de l'araignée. Si seulement ils savaient!

Muhammad Hamidullah · FR

The example of those who take allies other than Allah is like that of the spider who takes a home. And indeed, the weakest of homes is the home of the spider, if they only knew.

Sahih International · EN

Tafsir

Les polythéistes qui se sont donnés des idoles qu’ils adorent à la place d’Allah afin qu’elles leur soient utiles ou qu’ils bénéficient de leur intercession, sont tels une araignée qui s’est donné une maison la protégeant des prédateurs. Or la plus fragile des maisons est celle de l’araignée puisqu’elle n’éloigne pas d’elle les prédateurs. Il en est de même des idoles de polythéistes qui ne sont ni utiles ni nuisibles et qui ne sont pas capables d’intercéder en leur faveur. Si les polythéistes savaient cela, ils ne se seraient pas donné des idoles qu’ils adorent au lieu d’adorer Allah.

Al-Mukhtasar fi Tafsir al-Quran · Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies

Lire Ibn Kathir (Ibn Kathir (abrégé, en anglais))

The parable of those who seek protectors from other than Allah is that of a spider who builds a house; but indeed, the weakest of houses is the spider's house – if they but knew (41)Verily, Allah knows what things they invoke instead of Him. He is the All-Mighty, the All-Wise (42)And these are the examples We give for mankind; but none will understand them except those who have knowledge (of Allah)(43) Likening the gods of the Idolators to the House of a Spider This is how Allah described the idolators in their reverence of gods besides Him, hoping that they would help them and provide for them, and turning to them in times of difficulties. In this regard, they were like the house of a spider, which is so weak and frail, because by clinging to these gods they were like a person who holds on to a spider's web, who does not gain any benefit from that. If they knew this, they would not take any protectors besides Allah. This is unlike the Muslim believer, whose heart is devoted to Allah, yet he still does righteous deeds and follows the Laws of Allah, for he has grasped the most trustworthy handle that will never break because it is so strong and firm. Then Allah warns those who worship others besides Him and associate others with Him that He knows what they do and the rivals they associate with Him. He will punish them for their attribution, for He is All-Wise and All-Knowing. Then He says: وَتِلْكَ الْأَمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ ۖ وَمَا يَعْقِلُهَا إِلَّا الْعَالِمُونَ (And these are the examples We give for mankind; but none will understand them except those who have knowledge.) meaning, no one understands them or ponders them except those who are possessed of deep knowledge. Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that 'Amr bin Murrah said, "I never came across an Ayah of the Book of Allah that I did not know, but it grieved me, because I heard that Allah says: وَتِلْكَ الْأَمْثَالُ نَضْرِبُهَا لِلنَّاسِ ۖ وَمَا يَعْقِلُهَا إِلَّا الْعَالِمُونَ (And these are the examples We give for mankind; but none will understand them except those who have knowledge.)"

Texte arabe : Tanzil (uthmani). Traductions : Muhammad Hamidullah (fr), Sahih International (en). tanzil.net