O hommes! Une parabole vous est proposée, écoutez-la: «Ceux que vous invoquez en dehors d'Allah ne sauraient même pas créer une mouche, quand même ils s'uniraient pour cela. Et si la mouche les dépouillait de quelque chose, ils ne sauraient le lui reprendre. Le solliciteur et le sollicité sont [également] faibles!»
Muhammad Hamidullah · FR
O people, an example is presented, so listen to it. Indeed, those you invoke besides Allah will never create [as much as] a fly, even if they gathered together for that purpose. And if the fly should steal away from them a [tiny] thing, they could not recover it from him. Weak are the pursuer and pursued.
Sahih International · EN
Tafsir
Ô gens, écoutez la parabole suivante et déduisez-en une leçon: Les idoles et autres divinités que vous adorez à la place d’Allah ne sont pas capables de créer ne serait-ce qu’une mouche, même s’ils s’y associaient. Si la mouche leur prenait quelque chose de ce qui leur appartient, comme du parfum ou autre, ils ne sauraient le lui reprendre. Leur impuissance à créer une mouche et à lui reprendre ce qu’elle leur enlève, prouve leur impuissance à réaliser ce qui est plus compliqué que cela. Comment adorez-vous donc au lieu d’Allah des divinités impuissantes ? Vos idoles sont aussi faibles que la mouche qu’elles sont incapables de créer.
Al-Mukhtasar fi Tafsir al-Quran · Tafsir Center for Quranic StudiesLire Ibn Kathir (Ibn Kathir (abrégé, en anglais))
O mankind! A parable has been made, so listen to it: Verily, those on whom you call besides Allah, cannot create a fly, even though they combine together for the purpose. And if the fly snatches away a thing from them, they will have no power to release it from the fly. So weak are the seeker and the sought (73)They have not regarded Allah with His rightful esteem. Verily, Allah is All-Strong, All-Mighty (74)
The insignificance of the Idols and the foolishness of their Worshippers
Here Allah points out the insignificance of the idols and the foolishness of those who worship them.
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ضُرِبَ مَثَلٌ
(O mankind! A parable has been made,) meaning, a parable of that which is worshipped by those who are ignorant of Allah and who join others as partners with Him.
فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ
(so listen to it) pay attention and understand.
إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ لَن يَخْلُقُوا ذُبَابًا وَلَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا لَهُ
(Verily, those on whom you call besides Allah, cannot create a fly, even though they combine together for the purpose.)
Even if all the idols and false gods whom you worship were to come together to create a single fly, they would not be able to do that. Imam Ahmad recorded that Abu Hurayrah recorded the Marfu' report:
وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ خَلَقَ (خَلْقًا) كَخَلْقِي، فَلْيَخْلُقُوا مِثْلَ خَلْقِي ذَرَّةً أَوْ ذُبَابَةً أَوْ حَبَّةً
("Who does more wrong than one who tries to create something like My creation? Let them create an ant or a fly or a seed like My creation!")
This was also recorded by the authors of the Two Sahihs via 'Umarah from Abu Zur'ah from Abu Hurayrah, who said that the Prophet ﷺ said:
قَالَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ ذَهَبَ يَخْلُقُ كَخَلْقِي، فَلْيَخْلُقُوا ذَرَّةً، فَلْيَخْلُقُوا شَعِيرَةً
(Allah says: "Who does more wrong than one who tries to create (something) like My creation? Let them create an ant, let them create a grain of barley.") Then Allah says:
وَإِن يَسْلُبْهُمُ الذُّبَابُ شَيْئًا لَّا يَسْتَنقِذُوهُ مِنْهُ
(And if the fly snatches away a thing from them, they will have no power to release it from the fly.)
They are unable to create a single fly and, moreover, they are unable to resist it or take revenge against it if it were to take anything from the good and perfumed thing on which it lands. If they wanted to recover that, they would not be able to, even though the fly is the weakest and most insignificant of Allah's creatures. Allah says:
ضَعُفَ الطَّالِبُ وَالْمَطْلُوبُ
(So weak are the seeker and the sought.) Ibn 'Abbas said, "The seeker is the idol and the sought is the fly." This was the view favored by Ibn Jarir, and it is what is apparent from the context. As-Suddi and others said, "The seeker is the worshipper, and the sought is the idol." Then Allah says:
مَا قَدَرُوا اللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ
(They have not regarded Allah with His rightful esteem.) meaning, they have not recognized the might and power of Allah when they worship alongside Him those who cannot even ward off a fly, because they are so weak and incapable.
إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَقَوِيٌّ عَزِيزٌ
(Verily, Allah is All-Strong, All-Mighty.) means, He is the All-Strong Who, by His might and power, created all things.
وَهُوَ الَّذِي يَبْدَأُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُ وَهُوَ أَهْوَنُ عَلَيْهِ
(And He it is Who originates the creation, then He will repeat it; and this is easier for Him)(30:27)
إِنَّ بَطْشَ رَبِّكَ لَشَدِيدٌ - إِنَّهُ هُوَ يُبْدِئُ وَيُعِيدُ
(Verily, the punishment of your Lord is severe and painful. Verily, He it is Who begins and repeats.)(85:12-13)
إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الرَّزَّاقُ ذُو الْقُوَّةِ الْمَتِينُ
(Verily, Allah is the Provider, Owner of power, the Most Strong.)(51:58).
عَزِيزٌ
(All-Mighty) means, He has subjugated and subdued all things, and there is none that can resist Him or overcome His might and power, and He is the One, the Subduer.
Texte arabe : Tanzil (uthmani). Traductions : Muhammad Hamidullah (fr), Sahih International (en). tanzil.net