Surah Yunus · سُوْرَةُ يُوْنُسَ · Juz 11
Q 10:46
وَإِمَّا نُرِيَنَّكَ بَعْضَ ٱلَّذِى نَعِدُهُمْ أَوْ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ فَإِلَيْنَا مَرْجِعُهُمْ ثُمَّ ٱللَّهُ شَهِيدٌ عَلَىٰ مَا يَفْعَلُونَ
Translations
And whether We show you some of what We promise them, [O Muhammad], or We take you in death, to Us is their return; then, [either way], Allah is a witness concerning what they are doingQue Nous te fassions voir une partie de ce dont Nous les menaçons, ou que Nous te fassions mourir, (en tout cas), c'est vers Nous que sera leur retour. Allah est en outre, témoin de ce qu'ils font.Tafsir
Regardless of whether Allah shows the Messenger (peace be upon him)some of the punishment He promises them before his death, or He makes him die before this, they will return to Allah on the Day of Judgement. Moreover, Allah is a witness to what they used to do, none of it being hidden from Him, and they will be repaid for their actions.
Read Ibn Kathir (Ibn Kathir (abridged, English))
Whether We show you some of what We promise them (the torment), or We cause you to die – still unto Us is their return, and moreover Allah is Witness over what they used to do (46)And for every Ummah there is a Messenger; when their Messenger comes, the matter will be judged between them with justice, and they will not be wronged (47)
The Criminals will certainly be avenged – whether in This World or in the Hereafter
Allah said to His Messenger ﷺ:
وَإِمَّا نُرِيَنَّكَ بَعْضَ الَّذِي نَعِدُهُمْ
(Whether We show you some of what We promise them (the torment),) We shall avenge them in your lifetime so your eye will be delighted.
أَوْ نَتَوَفَّيَنَّكَ فَإِلَيْنَا مَرْجِعُهُمْ
(Or We cause you to die – still unto Us is their return,) Allah will then be the Witness watching over their actions for you. Allah then said,
وَلِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ رَّسُولٌ ۖ فَإِذَا جَاءَ رَسُولُهُمْ
(And for every Ummah there is a Messenger; when their Messenger comes,) Mujahid said: "This will be on the Day of Resurrection.
قُضِيَ بَيْنَهُم بِالْقِسْطِ
(the matter will be judged between them with justice,) is similar to the Ayah:
وَأَشْرَقَتِ الْأَرْضُ بِنُورِ رَبِّهَا
(And the earth will shine with the light of its Lord (Allah),)[39:69] So every nation will be presented before Allah in the presence of its Messenger and the Book of its deeds. All good and evil deeds will be witnessed upon them. Their guardian angels will be witnesses too. The nations will be brought forth, one by one.
Our noble Ummah, while it is the last of the nations, is the first one on the Day of Resurrection to be questioned and judged. This was stated by Allah's Messenger in a Hadith recorded by both Al-Bukhari and Muslim. Allah's Messenger ﷺ said:
نَحْنُ الْآخِرُونَ السَّابِقُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، الْمَقْضِيُّ لَهُمْ قَبْلَ الْخَلَائِقِ
(We are the last, the first on the Day of Resurrection. We will be judged before the rest of the creatures.) His Ummah attains the honor of precedence only by the honor of its Messenger , may Allah's peace and blesings be upon him forever, until the Day of Judgement.
Arabic text: Tanzil (Uthmani). Translations: Sahih International (en), Muhammad Hamidullah (fr). tanzil.net