سورة At-Tawba · سُوْرَةُ التَّوْبَةِ · جزء 11

Q 9:120

مَا كَانَ لِأَهْلِ ٱلْمَدِينَةِ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهُم مِّنَ ٱلْأَعْرَابِ أَن يَتَخَلَّفُوا۟ عَن رَّسُولِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا يَرْغَبُوا۟ بِأَنفُسِهِمْ عَن نَّفْسِهِۦ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ لَا يُصِيبُهُمْ ظَمَأٌ وَلَا نَصَبٌ وَلَا مَخْمَصَةٌ فِى سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَلَا يَطَـُٔونَ مَوْطِئًا يَغِيظُ ٱلْكُفَّارَ وَلَا يَنَالُونَ مِنْ عَدُوٍّ نَّيْلًا إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُم بِهِۦ عَمَلٌ صَـٰلِحٌ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَجْرَ ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ

الترجمات

It was not [proper] for the people of Madinah and those surrounding them of the bedouins that they remain behind after [the departure of] the Messenger of Allah or that they prefer themselves over his self. That is because they are not afflicted by thirst or fatigue or hunger in the cause of Allah, nor do they tread on any ground that enrages the disbelievers, nor do they inflict upon an enemy any infliction but that is registered for them as a righteous deed. Indeed, Allah does not allow to be lost the reward of the doers of good.

Sahih International · EN

Il n'appartient pas aux habitants de Médine, ni aux Bédouins qui sont autour d'eux, de traîner loin derrière le Messager d'Allah, ni de préférer leur propre vie à la sienne. Car ils n'éprouveront ni soif, ni fatigue, ni faim dans le sentier d'Allah, ils ne fouleront aucune terre en provoquant la colère des infidèles, et n'obtiendront aucun avantage sur un ennemi, sans qu'il ne leur soit écrit pour cela une bonne action. En vérité Allah ne laisse pas perdre la récompense des bienfaiteurs.

Muhammad Hamidullah · FR

التفسير

ليس لأهل المدينة ولا لمن حولهم من سكان البادية أن يتخلفوا عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا خرج إلى الجهاد بنفسه، وليس لهم أن يَشِحُّوا بأنفسهم، ويصونوها عن نفسه صلى الله عليه وسلم، بل الواجب عليهم أن يبذلوا أنفسهم دون نفسه؛ ذلك لأنهم لا ينالهم عطش، ولا تعب، ولا مجاعة في سبيل الله، ولا ينزلون مكانًا يثير وجودهم به غيظ الكفار، ولا يصيبون من عدو قتلًا أو أسرًا أو غنيمة أو هزيمة - إلا كتب الله لهم بذلك ثواب عمل صالح يقبله منهم، إن الله لا يضيع أجر المحسنين، بل يوفيهم إياه كاملًا، ويزيدهم عليه.

Al-Mukhtasar fi Tafsir al-Quran · Tafsir Center for Quranic Studies

اقرأ ابن كثير (ابن كثير (مختصر، بالإنجليزية))

It was neither befitting for the people of Al-Madinah and the bedouins of the neighborhood to remain behind Allah's Messenger nor to prefer their own lives to his life. That is because they suffer neither Zama' nor Nasab, nor Makhmasah in the cause of Allah, nor did they take any step to raise the anger of disbelievers nor inflict any injury upon an enemy, but is written to their credit as a deed of righteousness. Surely, Allah wastes not the reward of the doers of good (120) Rewards of Jihad Allah, the Exalted and Most Honored, criticizes the people of Al-Madinah and the bedouins around it, who did not participate in the battle of Tabuk with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. They sought to preserve themselves rather than comfort the Messenger ﷺ during the hardship that he suffered in that battle. They incurred a loss in their share of the reward, since, لَا يُصِيبُهُمْ ظَمَأٌ (they suffer neither 'Ẓama''), thirst, وَلَا نَصَبٌ (nor 'Naşab'), fatigue, وَلَا مَخْمَصَةٌ (nor 'Makhmaşah'), hunger, وَلَا يَطَئُونَ مَوْطِئًا يَغِيظُ الْكُفَّارَ (nor they take any step to raise the anger of disbelievers), by strategies of war that would terrify their enemy, وَلَا يَنَالُونَ (nor inflict), a defeat on the enemy, إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُم (but is written to their credit) as compensation for these steps that are not under their control, but a consequence of performing good deeds that earn them tremendous rewards, إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُضِيعُ أَجْرَ الْمُحْسِنِينَ (Surely, Allah wastes not the reward of the doers of good.) Allah said in a similar Ayah, إِنَّا لَا نُضِيعُ أَجْرَ مَنْ أَحْسَنَ عَمَلًا (Certainly We shall not make the reward of anyone who does his (righteous) deeds in the most perfect manner to be lost)

النص العربي: تنزيل (الرسم العثماني). الترجمات: حميد الله (فرنسية)، صحيح إنترناشونال (إنجليزية). tanzil.net